Until the 1923 population exchange between Greece and Turkey, İzmir had a very large Greek population. In classical antiquity the city was known as Smyrna ( / ˈ s m ɜːr n ə/ SMUR-nə Greek: Σμύρνη, romanized: Smýrni/Smýrnē) – a name which remained in use in English and various other languages until around 1930, when government efforts led the original Greek name to be gradually phased out internationally in favor of its Turkish counterpart İzmir. İzmir has more than 3,000 years of recorded urban history, and up to 8,500 years of history as a human settlement since the Neolithic period. It extends along the outlying waters of the Gulf of İzmir and inland to the north across the Gediz River Delta to the east along an alluvial plain created by several small streams and to slightly more rugged terrain in the south. Its built-up (or metro) area was home to 3,209,179 inhabitants. In 2019, the city of İzmir had a population of 2,965,900, while İzmir Province had a total population of 4,367,251. It is the third most populous city in Turkey, after Istanbul and Ankara, and the largest urban agglomeration on the Aegean Sea. ![]() İzmir ( UK: / ˈ ɪ z m ɪər/ IZ-meer, US: / ɪ z ˈ m ɪər/ iz- MEER Turkish pronunciation: ), also spelled Izmir, is a metropolitan city on the west coast of Anatolia, and capital of İzmir Province.
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